A. Comprehensive Material Coverage
BENKOO METAL supplies the full spectrum of titanium materials, from ductile commercially pure grades to high-strength alloys, enabling optimal material selection for every application.
Titanium Grade Specifications Comparison
Grade | UNS Number | Primary Composition | Key Properties | Primary Applications |
Grade 1 | R50250 | 99.5% Ti Min | Highest ductility & corrosion resistance, excellent formability | Chemical liners, anodes, architectural facades |
Grade 2 | R50400 | 99.2% Ti Min | Optimal balance of strength, ductility, weldability, corrosion resistance | Chemical tanks, heat exchangers, marine components |
Grade 3 | R50550 | 99.0% Ti Min | Higher strength than Gr1/Gr2, good formability & corrosion resistance | Pressure vessels, structural applications |
Grade 4 | R50700 | 99.0% Ti Min | Highest strength unalloyed grade, good corrosion resistance | Surgical implants, aerospace components |
Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) | R56400 | 6% Al, 4% V, Bal. Ti | Very high strength, good fatigue resistance, moderate high-temp capability | Aerospace frames, medical implants, marine fittings |
Grade 7 | R52400 | Gr2 + 0.15% Pd | Enhanced crevice corrosion resistance in reducing acids | Hot sulfuric/hydrochloric acid service |
Grade 9 | R56320 | 3% Al, 2.5% V, Bal. Ti | Medium strength, excellent cold formability & weldability | Aerospace hydraulic tubing, marine components |
Grade 12 | R53400 | 0.3% Mo, 0.8% Ni, Bal. Ti | Excellent high-temp strength & crevice corrosion resistance | Heat exchangers, chemical process equipment |
Grade 23 (ELI) | R56407 | Ti-6Al-4V (Extra Low Interstitial) | Enhanced ductility & fracture toughness | Surgical implants, aerospace structures |
Grade 29 | R56404 | Ti-6Al-4V ELI + 0.1% Ru | Highest crevice corrosion resistance in Ti-6Al-4V family | Medical, marine, chemical applications |
Beta-C | R58640 | Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr | Very high strength (heat-treatable), excellent formability | Springs, fasteners, downhole tools |
Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al | R58810 | 15% V, 3% Cr, 3% Sn, 3% Al | High strength, good cold formability | Aerospace structures, springs |
B. Technical Specifications & Standards
International Standards Compliance
Standard System | Standard Number | Title / Scope | Applicable Grades |
American (ASTM/ASME) | ASTM B265 | Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate | All Grades |
| ASME SB-265 | Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Equivalent | All Grades |
European (EN) | EN 10204 3.1/3.2 | Material Inspection Certificates | All Grades |
| EN ISO 5832-2 | Implants for Surgery – Metallic Materials | Gr1, Gr2, Gr4, Gr23 |
Aerospace (AMS) | AMS 4900 Series | Titanium Sheet, Strip, and Plate | Gr2, Gr5, Gr9, etc. |
| AMS 4911 | Titanium Alloy Sheet, 6Al-4V Annealed | Grade 5 |
Medical | ASTM F67 | Unalloyed Titanium for Surgical Implant Applications | Gr1, Gr2, Gr3, Gr4 |
| ASTM F136 | Ti-6Al-4V ELI for Surgical Implants | Grade 23 |
Japanese (JIS) | JIS H 4600 | Titanium and Titanium Alloy Sheets, Plates and Strips | All Grades |
Available Size Range & Specifications
Parameter | Titanium Sheet (Thin) | Titanium Plate (Thick) | Notes |
Thickness | 0.5 mm – 6.0 mm | 6.0 mm – 100 mm+ | Custom thickness available |
Width | Up to 1,500 mm | Up to 3,000 mm | Maximum width depends on thickness |
Length | Up to 4,000 mm | Up to 10,000 mm | Custom cut lengths available |
Surface Finish | Mill Finish (No.1), 2B Cold Rolled, Polished (No.4, No.8), Satin, Bead Blasted | Hot Rolled & Pickled, Mill Finish, Machined, Blasted | Other finishes: Pickled, Anodized |
Tolerance | Per ASTM B265 | Per ASTM B265 | Custom tolerances available |
Typical Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition)
Grade | Tensile Strength (min) | Yield Strength (0.2% Offset, min) | Elongation (min) | Brinell Hardness (typical) |
Grade 1 | 240 MPa (35 ksi) | 170 MPa (25 ksi) | 24% | 120 HB |
Grade 2 | 345 MPa (50 ksi) | 275 MPa (40 ksi) | 20% | 120 HB |
Grade 3 | 450 MPa (65 ksi) | 380 MPa (55 ksi) | 18% | 150 HB |
Grade 4 | 550 MPa (80 ksi) | 485 MPa (70 ksi) | 15% | 200 HB |
Grade 5 | 895 MPa (130 ksi) | 828 MPa (120 ksi) | 10% | 334 HB |
Grade 7 | 345 MPa (50 ksi) | 275 MPa (40 ksi) | 20% | 120 HB |
Grade 9 | 620 MPa (90 ksi) | 483 MPa (70 ksi) | 15% | 250 HB |
Grade 12 | 483 MPa (70 ksi) | 345 MPa (50 ksi) | 18% | 200 HB |
Grade 23 | 828 MPa (120 ksi) | 759 MPa (110 ksi) | 10% | 310 HB |
C. Applications by Industry
Industry Application Guide
Industry | Specific Applications | Recommended Grades | Key Benefits |
Chemical Processing | Reactor vessels, heat exchanger plates, piping for chlorides/acids | Gr2 (general), Gr7 (reducing acids), Gr12 (high-temp) | Corrosion resistance, longevity in aggressive media |
Aerospace & Aviation | Airframe skins, engine components, structural brackets | Gr5 (Ti-6Al-4V), Beta alloys | High strength-to-weight ratio, fatigue resistance |
Marine & Offshore | Ship hulls, heat exchangers, offshore platform components | Gr2, Gr5, Gr9 | Complete seawater corrosion immunity |
Medical & Healthcare | Surgical implants, MRI components, medical equipment | Gr2, Gr5, Gr23 (ELI) | Biocompatibility, corrosion resistance in body fluids |
Power Generation | Condenser plates, turbine components, geothermal heat exchangers | Gr2, Gr12, Gr5 | Corrosion resistance, high-temperature performance |
Architecture & Construction | Roofing, facades, sculptures in coastal environments | Gr1, Gr2 | Aesthetic appeal, zero maintenance in harsh climates |
Automotive & Racing | High-performance engine components, exhaust systems | Gr5, Gr9 | Weight reduction, high strength at elevated temps |
Sports Equipment | Bicycle frames, golf clubs, mountaineering gear | Gr5, Gr9 | Strength-to-weight ratio, durability |
Detailed Application Descriptions:
Chemical Processing: Titanium's resistance to chlorides, wet chlorine, and oxidizing acids makes it indispensable for reactors, columns, and heat exchangers. Grade 2 is standard, while Grade 7 is specified for severe reducing acid environments.
Aerospace & Aviation: The high strength-to-weight ratio of Grade 5 titanium alloy enables significant fuel savings and performance improvements in airframe and engine components.
Marine & Offshore: Titanium provides complete immunity to seawater corrosion, eliminating maintenance costs for ships, submarines, and offshore platform components.
Medical & Healthcare: The biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of titanium make it the material of choice for surgical implants, with Grade 23 (ELI) offering enhanced safety for long-term implantation.
Power Generation: In power plants, titanium condenser plates withstand brackish cooling water, while Grade 12 is ideal for geothermal applications with high chloride content.
Architecture: Titanium's natural oxide layer provides a maintenance-free, aesthetically pleasing surface for iconic buildings in coastal or polluted urban environments.
Automotive Racing: Titanium components reduce weight in critical areas, improving performance and fuel efficiency in high-end automotive applications.
Sports Equipment: The combination of light weight and high strength makes titanium ideal for high-performance sports equipment where every gram counts.
D. Manufacturing & Quality Control
Manufacturing Processes & Quality Standards
Process/Control | Method/Standard | Purpose & Outcome |
Production | Hot Rolling, Cold Rolling, Annealing | Achieve required dimensions, mechanical properties, and microstructure |
Surface Finishes | Mill Finish, Pickling, Polishing, Blasting | Provide specified surface condition for application requirements |
Non-Destructive Testing | Ultrasonic Testing (UT) per ASTM E114 | Detect internal flaws and ensure material integrity |
Dimensional Inspection | Laser scanning, manual verification | Ensure compliance with specified thickness, width, and length tolerances |
Chemical Analysis | Optical Emission Spectrometry (OES) | Verify chemical composition meets grade specifications |
Mechanical Testing | Tensile, hardness, bend tests per ASTM E8/E10 | Confirm mechanical properties meet standard requirements |
Certification | EN 10204 3.1/3.2 Certificates | Provide full material traceability from melt to final product |
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